Recently pun 1949 1954 analyzed the problems from different angles and suggested that soil should be kept wider tree vegetation in order to check erosional losses and landslides. Download soil erosion and conservation pdfepub, mobi ebooks without registration on our website. In addition to improving soil fertility, water harvesting, enhancing the soilwater retention capacity and reducing soil erosion are measures that could significantly improve agricultural productivity in rainfed marginal environments. Soil erosion and conservation worksheet teaching resources. What is soil conservation and what are various ways to. Soil erosion definition the removal of the top soil cover by water, wind and human activities is called soil erosion. Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. Sos 520 principle of soil conservation and management. Solved examples with detailed answer description, explanation are given and it would be easy to understand.
Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land known as wind erosion. Runoff washes away the soil particles from sloping. Prevention of soil erosion is also called conservation of soil. Soil conservation is a set of management strategies for prevention of soil being eroded from the earths surface. Soil and water conservation soil erosion free course alison. The chief agents of soil erosion are water and wind. The term conservation tillage represents a broad spectrum of tillage systems. A soils texture affects its stability and susceptibility to erosion and water absorbing and holding capabilities as well as other properties. Soil erosion has been continuing over, such a large part of india.
Soil conservation definition of soil conservation by the. The actual art of soil conservation is based on certain basic principles which include. Besides human activity like deforestation, overgrazing, mining, soils are degraded by nature during drought or floods. Soil erosion is the detachment, transport and deposition of soil particles on land surface. Soil conservation practices control wind or water erosion by limiting soil particle detachment and transportation. Soil conservation and management in developing countries. Thus, soil and water conservation practices are becoming increasingly important in the arid and semiarid. The causes of soil erosion can be natural or manmade. Soil texture is classified by the size of the mineral particles measured in millimeters. The book deals with several aspects of soil erosion, focusing on its connection with the agricultural world. The best choice of plants to prevent soil erosion are herbs, wild flowers and small trees. Soil erosion and conservation resource and development. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
The most important impacts of accelerated soil erosion include the decrease in. In accordance with these agents, erosion is sometimes divided into water erosion, glacial. Plants prevent wind and water erosion by covering the soil and binding the soil with their roots. Pdf socioeconomic factors in soil erosion and conservation. Soil management is to create optimum conditions for. The program helps landowners address existing soil erosion, water quality and other. Cs free subsoil incorporated by the annual ploughing. Soil erosion in our country is a serious threat to both the irrigated and rainfed areas. The book is subdivided into fourteen chapters, sorted in four sections, grouping different facets of the topic. Soil conservation includes all those measures which help in protecting the soil from erosion and exhaustion. The kentucky soil erosion and water quality cost share program and the kentucky soil stewardship program were created to help agricultural operations protect the soil and water resources of kentucky and to implement their agriculture water quality plans.
Soil erosion and conservation farming has been the basis of new zealands economy, and soil is the basis of farming. This cost is calculated with reference to the crop productivity, land use intensity, change in cropping patterns etc. Soil conservation lab allow your students to experience soil conservation in a handson way. Land degradation, soil erosion and soil conservation pmf ias. It encompasses physical soil erosion, chemical salinity and alkalinity, pollution and biological deterioration pollution and. Process by which soil particles are removed, transported and deposited rate of removal of soil greater than rate of. Download pdf soil erosion and conservation book full free. The universal soil loss equation usle is hailed as one of the most significant developments in soil and water conservation in the 20 thcentury. Soil and water conservation soil erosion free course. Secrets in the soil lessons, exercises, and handson activities about causes of erosion and ways to reduce erosion. Soil degradation is a serious global environmental problem and may be exacerbated by climate change. T value tolerable erosion equilibrium between soil gains and losses. Soil conservation is about solving the problems of land degradation. The influence of human activities on the landscape has traditionally been deleterious, but this trend seems to have recently reversed in some parts of the country following the.
Instant access to millions of titles from our library and its free to try. This handbook explains the causes, processes, and consequences of soil erosion and depletion, and describes the major soil and water conservation measures which, when applied to the land in correct combinations, will greatly reduce or prevent soil erosion, improve fertility, and increase yields. Information bulletin 7 activities 9 activity questions 10. Erosion processes and soil conservation technology soil erosion takes place when particles of soil are detached and then transported to a different place. Class 10 cbse board soil erosion and conservation videos. Two cake pans enough soil to fill the cake pans a 2 x 4 piece of wood or another item to set the pans on at an angle sprinkle can or spray bottle a few handfuls of straw, grass clippings, leaves, or other plant material newspapers activity description. Download pdf soil erosion and conservation ebook free. Soil erosion, use of chemical pesticides and herbicides, unsustainable agricultural practices, excessive farming, water pollution and land pollution are some of the aspects upsetting the natural functions of the soil. Jun 06, 2008 soil erosion and soil conservation slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Thus, whenever trees are cut down new trees should be planted. Sustainable production implies that agricultural practices.
Apes soil conservation techniques flashcards quizlet. It has helped to save millions of tons of soil, thus helping to the feed the worlds population, and to protect the environment from sediment produced by soil erosion. Pdf soil is the most fundamental and basic natural resource for all life. Soil management inappropriate land use activities often cause changes in soil conditions, which in turn contribute to soil erosion. Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, it is one form of soil degradation.
The usle has been used in more than 100 countries to guide conservation planning, assess soil erosion for conservation policy development, and estimate sediment yield. Fundamental of soil water conservation and engineering. Assessment of soil erosion severities and conservation effects on reduction of soil loss. Soil erosion and conservation in india geography and you. Soil erosion and conservation 1 soil erosion and conservation 2 erosion. Soil erosion is prevented or reduced to a tolerable level, and water is conserved for judicious utilization. Ppt soil conservation powerpoint presentation free to. Crop residue is the old plant material that remains in the.
To conserve soil resources, the kapirriggama cascade. The overall current soil erosion rates are highly variable and large by international standards, and sheet, rill, and gully erosion are the dominant processes. Interculturing operations will kill weeds and soil mulches help the plants to be rooted firmly in the soil. Soil degradation is a global environmental problem which started since the innovation of agriculture by human kind. Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms. Study and use of surveying and leveling instruments.
Ppt soil erosion and conservation powerpoint presentation. You will first learn about soil erosion from the mechanics, causes and types of soil erosion, as well as various factors affecting soil erosion and the. Erosion and conservation the soil is the one indestructible, immutable asset that the nation possesses. Soil erosion and soil conservation linkedin slideshare. In this lab activity students design, construct, and test soil conservation structures or practices in an effort to reduce soil erosion. The free online course, soil and water conservation engineering introduction to soil erosion, will give you a better understanding of soil and water conservation practices and problems.
Download soil erosion conservation and rehabilitation pdfepub, mobi ebooks without registration on our website. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice glaciers, snow, air wind, plants, animals, and humans. Soil erosion, and consequently the need for conservation, is not confined to land under.
Soil is the most fundamental and basic natural resource for all life to survive. This act established catchment boards and enabled the appropriation of government and local body funds to assist with the construction of erosion control measures and. Soil erosion demonstration demonstration of how different ground cover affects soil runoff. Manual of reforestation mad, erosion control for the philippines. Soil conservation terraced crop fields rangeland soil conservation soil protection for cropland erosion barriers help in soil conservation 2. Impact of soil conservation measures on erosion control and soil. Pdf the primary source to meet global food and fiber demands is production agriculture, but. The data for this studywas collected via interviewees, key informants and field observations. Every year india loses up to 68 billion rupees according to the national remote sensing agency nrsa. Land degradation soil degradation is the decline in soil quality caused by its improper use, usually for agricultural, pastoral, industrial or urban purposes. Water and wind erosion are two main agents that degrade soils.
Wind erosion damages the soil by physically removing the most fertile part, lowering waterholding capacity, degrading soil structure, and increasing soil variability across a. Soil management is to create optimum conditions for plant growth through improved soil fertility and structure. Some of the methods that must be adopted for conserving soil are as follows. Farmers plant trees and grass to cover and bind the soil. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the farmers perception on soil erosion and their use of structural soil conservation measures. Soil erosion and conservation available for download and read online in other formats. Either way, soil erosion has a negative impact on agriculture and on the environment. Pdf soil erosion and conservation download full pdf book. The erosion of siwaliks has been studied by glover and hamilton 1935 and gorrie 1951 and various methods have been suggested for soil conservation. State cost share kentucky energy and environment cabinet. The soil erosion can be prevented by the following ways. Download pdf soil erosion conservation and rehabilitation. Soil conservation is the practice of protecting the soil against erosion or deterioration. Soil erosion mostly affects practically all kinds of lands such as the forest lands, agricultural lands, arid and semiarid lands, surface mines, roads, construction sites, coastal areas etc.
One third of the worlds agricultural soils, or roughly 2 billion hectares of land, was reported as being affected by soil. This handbook explains the causes, processes, and consequences of soil erosion and depletion, and describes the major soil and waterconservation measures which, when applied to the land in correct combinations, will greatly reduce or prevent soil erosion, improve fertility, and increase yields. Pdf soil erosion and conservation download full pdf. The problem of torrent erosion, in both the foothilla of the northern. Alternatively growing a cereal and a legume in the same field will not only increase the yield, but also increase the fertility of the soil. Soil conservation services were subsequently set up in a number of countries in africa and in australia, new zealand, and india. Soil erosion and conservation te ara encyclopedia of new. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. It is the one resource that cannot be exhausted, that cannot be used up. Excessive soil erosion in india combined with consequent high rate of sedimentation in reservoirs and decreased soil fertility has led to grave environmental problems. A sequel to the deforestation is typically large scale erosion. The awkwardness of the manual solution prompted a computer solu. Hello students i am here with one more important informative video on questionanswer of chapter soil erosion and conservation.
Soil conservation is the prevention of loss of the top most layer of the soil from erosion or prevention of reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination slashandburn and other unsustainable methods of subsistence farming are practiced in some lesser developed areas. When soil erodes, it makes land less productive, and can lead to floods, slips and damage to infrastructure and property. Hope you enjoyed our video lecture which covers the following topics. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Test your understanding of soil erosion and its causes. Soil erosion and conservation general knowledge questions. Class10 cbse board soil erosion and conservation learnnext offers animated video lessons with neatly explained examples, study material, free ncert solutions, exercises and tests.